Calculate basic probability, permutations P(n,r), combinations C(n,r), and conditional probability with step-by-step solutions.
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Calculate probability, permutations, combinations, and conditional probability instantly. Whether you're rolling dice, selecting lottery numbers, or analyzing statistical events, this calculator provides accurate results with detailed explanations.
Probability measures the likelihood of an event occurring, expressed as a number between 0 (impossible) and 1 (certain). Permutations count arrangements where order matters, while combinations count selections where order doesn't matter. Conditional probability calculates the likelihood of an event given that another event has occurred.
Basic Probability Formula
P(E) = Favorable outcomes / Total outcomesCalculate odds for dice, cards, lottery, and casino games.
Analyze data samples and statistical experiments.
Assess risks and make informed probability-based decisions.
Learn probability concepts with clear examples.
Permutation counts arrangements where order matters (ABC is different from BAC). Combination counts selections where order doesn't matter (ABC is the same as BAC). For example, arranging 3 books on a shelf uses permutation; choosing 3 books to read uses combination.
Probability is the ratio of favorable outcomes to total outcomes (like 1/6 for rolling a specific number). Odds express the ratio of favorable to unfavorable outcomes (like 1:5 for the same roll). They convey the same information differently.
Conditional probability P(A|B) is the probability of event A occurring given that event B has already occurred. For example, the probability of drawing a king given that you've drawn a face card is higher than the unconditional probability of drawing a king.
Events are independent when the occurrence of one doesn't affect the probability of the other. Mathematically, P(A∩B) = P(A) × P(B). For example, coin flips are independent; drawing cards without replacement are dependent.