Agriculture & Ecology

Compost C:N Ratio Calculator

Free compost C:N ratio calculator. Balance brown and green materials to achieve the ideal 25-30:1 carbon-to-nitrogen ratio for fast, efficient composting.

Browns (Carbon-Rich)
Greens (Nitrogen-Rich)
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Calculate Your Compost C:N Ratio

The carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio is the key to successful composting. Microorganisms need the right balance of carbon for energy and nitrogen for protein production. Our calculator helps you mix brown and green materials to achieve the ideal 25-30:1 ratio for fast decomposition without odors.

Understanding the C:N Ratio

The C:N ratio represents the proportion of carbon to nitrogen in organic materials. Browns (dry leaves, cardboard, straw) are carbon-rich with high ratios (60:1 to 400:1). Greens (grass, food scraps, manure) are nitrogen-rich with low ratios (10:1 to 30:1). Combining them correctly creates ideal conditions for decomposition.

C:N Ratio Formula

C:N = Σ(Weight × Carbon%) / Σ(Weight × Nitrogen%)

Why Balance Your Compost?

Faster Decomposition

The ideal 25-30:1 ratio provides optimal conditions for microorganisms to break down materials quickly.

Eliminate Odors

Too much nitrogen (low ratio) causes ammonia smells. Proper balance produces earthy-smelling compost.

Better End Product

Balanced compost creates nutrient-rich humus perfect for gardens and plants.

How to Use This Calculator

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Common Composting Scenarios

Kitchen Scraps + Leaves

Balance nitrogen-rich food waste with dry autumn leaves for backyard composting.

Grass Clippings + Cardboard

Mix fresh lawn clippings with shredded cardboard to prevent matting and odors.

Manure Composting

Add carbon sources to nitrogen-rich animal manures for proper decomposition.

Large-Scale Composting

Calculate ratios for municipal or farm composting operations handling diverse materials.

Frequently Asked Questions

The ideal range is 25:1 to 30:1. This provides enough carbon for energy and nitrogen for microbial protein synthesis. Ratios above 30:1 decompose slowly; below 25:1 may produce ammonia odors.