Calculate your Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) from Traditional IRAs, 401(k)s, and other tax-deferred retirement accounts. Includes IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, 10-year projections, and tax impact estimates.
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A Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) is the minimum amount you must withdraw each year from tax-deferred retirement accounts such as Traditional IRAs, 401(k)s, 403(b)s, and SEP IRAs. Under the SECURE 2.0 Act, RMDs now begin at age 73 (increasing to 75 in 2033). Use this calculator to determine your exact RMD based on the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, your account balance, and your age.
A Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) is the IRS-mandated minimum amount that must be withdrawn annually from tax-deferred retirement accounts once the account owner reaches the required beginning age. The RMD ensures that retirement savings are eventually taxed as ordinary income rather than being passed on indefinitely. RMDs apply to Traditional IRAs, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, 401(k)s, 403(b)s, and most other employer-sponsored retirement plans. Roth IRAs do not require RMDs during the owner's lifetime. Failing to take your full RMD results in a 25% excise tax on the shortfall (reduced to 10% if corrected within 2 years).
RMD Formula
RMD = Account Balance (Dec 31 prior year) รท Distribution Period (from IRS life expectancy table)The IRS imposes a steep 25% excise tax on any RMD amount you fail to withdraw by the deadline. Our calculator ensures you know exactly how much to withdraw.
RMDs are taxed as ordinary income. Knowing your RMD in advance lets you plan withdrawals strategically to minimize your overall tax burden and avoid bumping into a higher tax bracket.
See how your RMDs will increase year over year as the distribution period shortens with age. This helps with long-term retirement income and tax planning.
Whether you have a Traditional IRA, 401(k), 403(b), SEP IRA, or SIMPLE IRA, this calculator applies the correct IRS rules for each account type.
Turning 73? Calculate your first Required Minimum Distribution and understand the April 1 deadline for your initial RMD year (subsequent years have a December 31 deadline).
If you have multiple IRAs, you can combine the RMD amounts and take the total from any one or combination of your IRA accounts. This calculator helps you determine each account's individual RMD.
Use the tax estimation feature to see how your RMD affects your tax bracket. You may want to take more than the minimum in lower-income years or make qualified charitable distributions (QCDs).
If your spouse is your sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger, you qualify for the Joint Life Table, which results in a lower annual RMD. This calculator lets you compare both scenarios.
At age 73, the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table assigns a distribution period of 26.5 years, which means your RMD is approximately 3.77% of your prior year-end account balance. For example, if your balance was $500,000, your RMD would be about $18,868.
Divide your retirement account balance (as of December 31 of the prior year) by the distribution period from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table for your age. For example: $500,000 รท 26.5 (age 73 factor) = $18,867.92. If your spouse is your sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger, use the Joint Life Table instead for a smaller RMD.
The most costly RMD mistake is failing to withdraw the full required amount by the deadline. The IRS imposes a 25% excise tax (previously 50%, reduced by SECURE 2.0 Act) on any shortfall. Other common mistakes include using the wrong life expectancy table, miscalculating the prior year-end balance, and not accounting for RMDs from inherited IRAs separately.
Under the SECURE 2.0 Act (effective January 1, 2023), RMDs begin at age 73. This will increase to age 75 starting in 2033. If you turned 72 before January 1, 2023, you are already subject to RMD rules. Your first RMD must be taken by April 1 of the year after you turn 73.
Yes, RMDs from Traditional IRAs, 401(k)s, and other tax-deferred accounts are taxed as ordinary income in the year they are withdrawn. They are added to your other income and taxed at your marginal federal (and possibly state) tax rate. This is why tax planning around RMDs is essential.
Yes, the RMD is the minimum amount you must withdraw. You can always take more than the minimum. However, excess withdrawals do not count toward the following year's RMD. Any amount withdrawn is taxed as ordinary income.
No, Roth IRAs do not require RMDs during the owner's lifetime. This is one of the key advantages of Roth accounts. However, inherited Roth IRAs may have distribution requirements for beneficiaries under the 10-year rule established by the SECURE Act.
The IRS charges a 25% excise tax on any RMD amount that was not withdrawn by the deadline (December 31, or April 1 for the first RMD year). Under SECURE 2.0, this penalty is reduced to 10% if you correct the mistake within 2 years. Previously, the penalty was 50% of the shortfall.